Saturday, 26 October 2024

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Shiro Tora Budo Kai – White Tiger Martial Arts – South Croydon 

If you want to learn to fight – come to see us! 

Weapons training – Unarmed Combat – Grappling – Kickboxing 

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Get a great workout – Learn something – Have Fun! 

Practical, Realistic and Effective Street Self Defence 

Traditional and Contemporary Martial Arts Training 

Learn from a 7th Dan Black Belt with over 30 years experience 






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Kenpo 150

https://whitetigermartialarts.blogspot.com/2023/02/join-academy_19.html


Kodokan Judo Newaza

https://whitetigermartialarts.blogspot.com/2023/03/kukishin-ryu-dakentaijutsu.html


Judo Gokyo

https://whitetigermartialarts.blogspot.com/2022/09/judo-gokyo.html


STMA JJ 

http://whitetigermartialarts.blogspot.com/2023/03/join-academy_18.html


ROGUE SERIES

https://whitetigermartialarts.blogspot.com/2023/02/join-academy_80.html



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KENPO 150


YELLOW 

1. DELAYED SWORD (front - right and lapel grab)
2. ALTERNATING MACES (front - two-hand push)
3. SWORDS OF DESTRUCTION (front - left straight or roundhouse punch)
4. DEFLECTING HAMMER (front - right front thrust kick)
5. CAPTURED TWIGS (rear bear-hug, arms pinned)

6. THE GRASP OF DEATH (left flank - right arm headlock)
7. CHECKING THE STORM (front - right step-through overhead club)
8. MACE OF AGGRESSION(front - two-hand lapel grab, pulling in)
9. ATTACKING MACE (front - right step-through straight punch)
10. SWORD AND HAMMER (right flank -left hand shoulder grab) 


ORANGE 

1. CLUTCHING FEATHERS - Front Left Hand Hair Grab
2. TRIGGERED SALUTE - Front Right Hand Straight Punch
3. DANCE OF DEATH - Front Right Straight Punch
4. THRUSTING SALUTE - Front Right Step Through Kick

5. GIFT OF DESTRUCTION - Handshake
6. LOCKING HORNS - Front Headlock
7. LONE KIMONO - Front Left Hand Lapel Grab
8. GLANCING SALUTE - Front Right Hand Cross Push

9. FIVE SWORDS - Front Right Step Through Roundhouse Punch
10. BUCKLING BRANCH - Front Left Step Through Kick
11. SCRAPING HOOF - Full Nelson
12. GRIP OF DEATH - Left Flank Right Arm Headlock

13. CROSSING TALON - Front Right Hand Cross Wrist Grab
14. REPEATING MACE - Front Left Hand Push
15. SHIELDING HAMMER - Front Left Step Through Hooking Punch
16. STRIKING SERPENT'S HEAD - Front Bear Hug, Arms free

17. LOCKING WINGS - Hammerlock
18. OBSCURE WING - Right Flank Left Hand Shoulder Grab
19. REVERSING MACE - Front Left Step Through Straight Punch
20. THRUSTING PRONGS _ Front Bear Hug, Arms Pinned

21. TWISTING TWIG - Front Wrist Lock
22. OBSCURE SWORD - Right Flank Left Hand Shoulder Grab
23. RAINING CLAW - Front Right Uppercut Punch
24. CRASHING WINGS - Right Bear Hug, Arms Free



PURPLE 

1. TWIRLING WINGS - Rear Two-Hand Stiff-Arm Shoulder Grab
2. SNAPPING TWIG - front Left Hand Chest Push
3. LEAPING CRANE - Front Right Step Through Punch
4. SWINGING PENDULUM - Front Right Roundhouse Kick

5. CRUSHING HAMMERS - Rear Bear Hug -- Arms Pinned
6. CAPTURED LEAVES - Right Flank Finger Lock
7. EVADING THE STORM - Front Right Step Through Overhead Club
8. CHARGING RAM - Front Tackle

9. PARTING WINGS - Front Two-Hand Push
10. THUNDERING HAMMERS - Front Right Step Through Punch
11. SQUEEZING THE PEACH - Rear Bearhug -- arms pinned
12. CIRCLING WING - Rear Two Hand Choke - Arms Bent

13. CALMING THE STORM - Front Right Step Through Roundhouse Club
14. DARTING MACE - Front Two-Hand Wrist Grab
15. HOOKING WINGS - Front Two-Hand Low Push
16. SHIELD AND SWORD - Front Left Step Through Punch

17. GIFT IN RETURN - Front Handshake
18. BOW OF COMPULSION - Front Wrist Lock Against Opponent's Chest
19. OBSTRUCTING THE STORM - Front Right Step Through Overhead Club
20. TWIN KIMONO - Front Two-Hand Lapel Grab - Push Out

21. SLEEPER - Front Right Front Step Tr ought Straight Punch
22. SPIRALING TWIG - Rear Bear Hug -- Arms Free
23. CROSS OF DESTRUCTION - Rear Two-Hand Choke
24. FLIGHT TO FREEDOM - rear Hammerlock



BLUE 

1. BEGGING HANDS - Front Two-Hand GRab to Wrists
2. THRUSTING WEDGE - Front Right Step Through Punch
3. FLASHING WINGS - Front Right Step Through Punch
4. HUGGING PENDULUM - Front Right Thrusting Knife-Edge Kick

5. REPEATING DEVASTATION - Full Nelson
6. ENTANGLED WING - Front Arm Lock
7. DEFYING THE STORM - Front Right Step Through Roundhouse Club
8. RAKING MACE - Front Two-Hand Lapel Grab -- Pulling In

9. SNAKING TALON - Front Two Hand Push
10. SHIELD AND MACE - Front Right Step Through Punch
11. RETREATING PENDULUM - Front Right Thrusting Heel Kick
12. TRIPPING ARROW -  Two-Hand Choke

13. FALLEN CROSS - Rear Two-Hand Choke
14. RETURNING STORM - Front Inward Roundhouse And Backhand Club
15. CROSSED TWIGS - Rear Two -Hand Grabs To Wrist
16. TWIST OF FATE - Front Two Hand Push

17. FLASHING MACE - Front Right Step Through Punch
18. GIFT OF DESTINY - Front Handshake
19. WINGS OF SILK - Rear Two-Arm Hammerlock
20. GRIPPING TALON - Front Left Direct Right Wrist Grab

21. GATHERING CLOUDS - Front Right Step Through Punch
22. DESTRUCTIVE TWINS - Front Two-Hand Choke -- Pulling In
23. BROKEN RAM - Front Tackle
24. CIRCLING THE HORIZON - Front Right Step Through Punch



GREEN 

1. OBSCURE CLAW - Right Flank Left Hand Shoulder Grab
2. ENCOUNTER WITH DANGER - Front Two - Hand Push
3. CIRCLING DESTRUCTION - Front Left Step Through Punch
4. DETOUR FROM DOOM - Front Right Roundhouse Kick

5. SQUATTING SACRIFICE - Rear Bear Hug -- Arms Free
6. ESCAPE FROM DEATH - Rear Right-Arm Choke
7. BRUSHING THE STORM - Right Flank Right Step Trough Overhead Club
8. MENACING TWIRL - Rear Left-Hand Belt Grab

9. LEAP FROM DANGER - Rear Two-Hand Push
10. CIRCLES OF PROTECTION - Front Right Step Through Overhead Punch
11. CIRCLE OF DOOM - Front Right Straight Kick
12. BROKEN GIFT - Handshake

13. HEAVENLY ASCENT - Front Two-Hand Choke == Arms Straight
14. CAPTURING THE STORM - Front Right Step Through Overhead Club
15. CONQUERING SHIELD - Front Left Stiff-Arm Lapel Grab
16. TAMING THE MACE - Front Right Step Through Punch

17. TWIRLING SACRIFICE - Full Nelson
18. CROSS OF DEATH - Front Two-Hand Cross Choke
19. SECURING THE STORM - Front Right Step Through Roundhouse Club
20. INTERCEPTING THE RAM - Front Tackle

21. KNEEL OF COMPULSION - Right Flank Right Step Through Punch
22. CLIPPING THE STORM - Front Right Thrusting Club
23. GLANCING WING - Front Left Uppercut Punch
24. THE BACK BREAKER - Right FLank Right Step Through Punch



BROWN 1  

1. GLANCING SPEAR - front Right Direct Wrist Grab
2. THRUST INTO DARKNESS - Rear Right Step Trough Punch
3. CIRCLING FANS - Front Right And Left front Straight Punch Combination
4. ROTATING DESTRUCTION - Front Right Snap and Left Spinning Back-Kick

5. FALCONS OF FORCE - Flank Left and Right Shoulder Grab By Two Men
6. THE BEAR AND THE RAM - Front Right PUnch and Rear Bear Hug -- Arms Free
7. RAINING LANCE - Front Right Step Through Overhead Knife
8. DESPERATE FALCONS - Front Two-Hand Grab to Both Wrists

9. LEAP OF DEATH - Front Right Step Through Punch
10. PROTECTING FANS - Front Right and Left Punch Combination With Opponents Left Leg Forward
11. DECEPTIVE PANTHER - Combination Right Front Snap Kick (Low) and Right Roundhouse Kick (High)
12. COURTING THE TIGER - Flank Left and Right Arm Grab By Two Opponents

13. GATHERING THE SNAKES - Front Left Punch and Rear Right Punch By Two Men
14. GLANCING LANCE - Front Right Knife Thrust While your Arms Are Down
15. DOMINATING CIRCLES - Front Right Shoulder Grab By Opponent's Right Hand
16. DESTRUCTIVE FANS - Left Flank Right Punch With Opponent's Rig Leg Forward

17. UNFURLING CRANE - Front Right and Left Punch Combination With Opponent's Right Leg Forward
18. GRASPING EAGLES - Front Right Lapel Grab and Rear Right Arms Grab By Two Men
19. PARTING OF THE SNAKES - Front Right Punch and Rear Attempt By Two Men
20. THRUSTING LANCE - Front Right Knife Trust While Your Arms Are Down

21. BLINDING SACRIFICE - Front Two-Hand Grab or Choke
22. SNAKES OF WISDOM - Flank Left and Right Shoulder Grabs By Two Men
23. ENTWINING LANCE - Front Right Knife Thrust
24. FALLING FALCON - Front Right Direct Lapel Grab


BROWN 2 

1. FATAL CROSS - Front Two-Hand Attempted Grab or Push
2. TWIRLING HAMMERS - Front Left Step Trough Punch
3. DEFENSIVE CROSS - front Right Snap Kick
4. DANCE OF DARKNESS - Front Right Kick Followed By a Right Punch

5. MARRIAGE OF THE RAMS - Right and Left Shoulder GRabs (Close) By Two Men
6. THE RAM AND THE EAGLE - Front Right Punch and Left Collar Grab By Two Men
7. ESCAPE FROM THE STORM - Right Flank Right Overhead Club
8. CIRCLING WINDMILLS - Front Two-Hand Push Followed By a Right Punch

9. DESTRUCTIVE KNEEL - Front Right Step Through Punch
10. BOWING TO BUDDHA - Front Right Roundhouse Kick - Kneeling On The Ground
11. REVERSING CIRCLES - Front Left Roundhouse Kick Followed By a Left Punch
12. REPRIMANDING THE BEARS - Front Right Punch and Rear Bear-Hug By Two Men -- Arms, Free

13. CIRCLING THE STORM - Front Right Club Thrust (Poke)
14. UNFOLDING THE DARK - Left Step Through Punch From The Right Rear Flank
15. UNWINDING PENDULUM - Front Right Kick Followed By A Right Punch
16. PIERCING LANCE - Front Right Knife Thrust While Your ARms Are Up

17. ESCAPE FROM DARKNESS - Right Punch From The Right Side
18. CAPTURING THE ROD - Front Right Pistol Holdup (Against Your Chest)
19. PRANCE OF THE TIGER - Right Flank Step Trough Uppercut Punch

20. BROKEN ROD - Rear Right Hand Pistol
21. ENTWINING MACES - Front Right and Left Punch With Opponent's Left Leg Forward
22. DEFYING THE ROD - Front Right Pistol Holdup
23. FATAL DEVIATION - Front Right and Left Punch With Opponent's Left Leg Forward
24. TWISTED ROD - Front Right Pistol Holdup


---------------------------------------------


Two man techniques


GRASPING EAGLES
(Right front lapel grab and rear arm grab by two men)

THE RAM AND THE EAGLE
(Front right punch and left rear collar grab by two men)

FALCONS OF FORCE
(Left and right shoulder grab by two men)

SNAKES OF WISDOM
(Left and right shoulder grab by two men at sides)

MARRIAGE OF THE RAMS
(Left and right shoulder grab [close] by two men)

THE BEAR AND THE RAM
(Front right step through punch and rear bear hug arms free)

REPRIMANDING THE BEARS
(Front right punch and rear bear hug [arms pinned] by two men)

PARTING OF THE SNAKES
(Front right punch and rear grab attempt by two men)

GATHERING OF THE SNAKES
(left punch and rear right punch by two men)

COURTING THE TIGER
left and right arm grabs




in the order on the 150:



FALCONS OF FORCE
(Left and right shoulder grab by two men)

THE BEAR AND THE RAM
(Front right step through punch and rear bear hug arms free)

COURTING THE TIGER
(left and right arm grabs

GATHERING OF THE SNAKES
(left punch and rear right punch by two men)

GRASPING EAGLES
(Right front lapel grab and rear arm grab by two men)

PARTING OF THE SNAKES
(Front right punch and rear grab attempt by two men)

SNAKES OF WISDOM
(Left and right shoulder grab by two men at sides)




MARRIAGE OF THE RAMS
(Left and right shoulder grab [close] by two men)

THE RAM AND THE EAGLE
(Front right punch and left rear collar grab by two men)

REPRIMANDING THE BEARS
(Front right punch and rear bear hug [arms pinned] by two men)



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Form 8



Whirling Lance

Knife Finger Set

Destructive Lance

Shielding Lance - O

Flashing Lance
Snaking Lance

Hooking Lance - O
Slicing Lance - O

Deceptive Lance - O
Striking Lance - O

Protecting Lance

Thrusting Lance - O
Twisting Lance - O

Leaping Lance

Crossing Lance - O


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STORM series - stick defences


CHECKING THE STORM
(right overhead club)

EVADING THE STORM p - round kick, ikkyo
(Front right overhead club)

CALMING THE STORM
(Front right step through roundhouse club)

OBSTRUCTING THE STORM p - ikkyo
(right overhead club)

DEFYING THE STORM b - block, break, ogyaku
(Front right step through roundhouse club)

RETURNING STORM b - tenkan ikkyo
(Front inward roundhouse and backhand club)



BRUSHING THE STORM form 5
(Flank right overhead club)

ESCAPE FROM THE STORM - Right Flank Right Overhead Club


CLIPPING THE STORM - thrust - darting
(thrust #5)

SECURING THE STORM - throw bow
(Front right roundhouse club)


CAPTURING THE STORM - sankyo
(Front right overhead club)

CIRCLING THE STORM - Front Right Club Thrust (Poke)


UNFURLING STORM - Form 6


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LANCE techniques - knife defences

These first four techniques appear in Form Six

RAINING LANCE 3b
(Front overhead step through knife attack)

GLANCING LANCE 3b
(Front knife thrust- with your arms down)


THRUSTING LANCE 3b
(Front knife thrust)

ENTWINED LANCE 3b
(Front Right Knife Thrust)


This technique is new

PIERCING LANCE 2b
(Front knife thrust- with your arms up)


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ROD techniques - gun defence


CAPTURED ROD

DEFYING THE ROD

TWISTED ROD

BROKEN ROD



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BROWN 1

1. GLANCING SPEAR - front Right Direct Wrist Grab
2. THRUST INTO DARKNESS - Rear Right Step Trough Punch
3. CIRCLING FANS - Front Right And Left front Straight Punch Combination
4. ROTATING DESTRUCTION - Front Right Snap and Left Spinning Back-Kick

8. DESPERATE FALCONS - Front Two-Hand Grab to Both Wrists

9. LEAP OF DEATH - Front Right Step Through Punch
10. PROTECTING FANS - Front Right and Left Punch Combination With Opponents Left Leg Forward
11. DECEPTIVE PANTHER - Combination Right Front Snap Kick (Low) and Right Roundhouse Kick (High)

15. DOMINATING CIRCLES - Front Right Shoulder Grab By Opponent's Right Hand
16. DESTRUCTIVE FANS - Left Flank Right Punch With Opponent's Rig Leg Forward

17. UNFURLING CRANE - Front Right and Left Punch Combination With Opponent's Right Leg Forward

21. BLINDING SACRIFICE - Front Two-Hand Grab or Choke

24. FALLING FALCON - Front Right Direct Lapel Grab





BROWN 2

1. FATAL CROSS - Front Two-Hand Attempted Grab or Push
2. TWIRLING HAMMERS - Front Left Step Trough Punch
3. DEFENSIVE CROSS - front Right Snap Kick
4. DANCE OF DARKNESS - Front Right Kick Followed By a Right Punch

8. CIRCLING WINDMILLS - Front Two-Hand Push Followed By a Right Punch

9. DESTRUCTIVE KNEEL - Front Right Step Through Punch
10. BOWING TO BUDDHA - Front Right Roundhouse Kick - Kneeling On The Ground
11. REVERSING CIRCLES - Front Left Roundhouse Kick Followed By a Left Punch

14. UNFOLDING THE DARK - Left Step Through Punch From The Right Rear Flank
15. UNWINDING PENDULUM - Front Right Kick Followed By A Right Punch

17. ESCAPE FROM DARKNESS - Right Punch From The Right Side

19. PRANCE OF THE TIGER - Right Flank Step Trough Uppercut Punch

21. ENTWINING MACES - Front Right and Left Punch With Opponent's Left Leg Forward

23. FATAL DEVIATION - Front Right and Left Punch With Opponent's Left Leg Forward


---------------------------------------



BROWN  BLACK 


16. DESTRUCTIVE FANS - Left Flank Right Punch With Opponent's Right Leg Forward

9. LEAP OF DEATH - Front Right Step Through Punch

24. FALLING FALCON - Front Right Direct Lapel Grab


10. PROTECTING FANS - Front Right and Left Punch Combination With Opponents Left Leg Forward

17. UNFURLING CRANE - Front Right and Left Punch Combination With Opponent's Right Leg Forward

9. DESTRUCTIVE KNEEL - Front Right Step Through Punch

4. DANCE OF DARKNESS - Front Right Kick Followed By a Right Punch

15. UNWINDING PENDULUM - Front Right Kick Followed By A Right Punch

11. REVERSING CIRCLES - Front Left Roundhouse Kick Followed By a Left Punch


8. CIRCLING WINDMILLS - Front Two-Hand Push Followed By a Right Punch

3. CIRCLING FANS - Front Right And Left front Straight Punch Combination

3. DEFENSIVE CROSS - front Right Snap Kick

10. BOWING TO BUDDHA - Front Right Roundhouse Kick - Kneeling On The Ground

19. PRANCE OF THE TIGER - Right Flank Step Trough Uppercut Punch

2. TWIRLING HAMMERS - Front Left Step Trough Punch



15. DOMINATING CIRCLES - Front Right Shoulder Grab By Opponent's Right Hand

1. FATAL CROSS - Front Two-Hand Attempted Grab or Push 

21. BLINDING SACRIFICE - Front Two-Hand Grab or Choke

1. GLANCING SPEAR - front Right Direct Wrist Grab

8. DESPERATE FALCONS - Front Two-Hand Grab to Both Wrists


4. ROTATING DESTRUCTION - Front Right Snap and Left Spinning Back-Kick

11. DECEPTIVE PANTHER - Combination Right Front Snap Kick (Low) and Right Roundhouse Kick (High)



2. THRUST INTO DARKNESS - Rear Right Step Trough Punch
14. UNFOLDING THE DARK - Left Step Through Punch From The Right Rear Flank

17. ESCAPE FROM DARKNESS - Right Punch From The Right Side



21. ENTWINING MACES - Front Right and Left Punch With Opponent's Left Leg Forward

23. FATAL DEVIATION - Front Right and Left Punch With Opponent's Left Leg Forward





KALI KEMPO range - NINPO KOPPO range - then we go from there

As we go towards the last section of the year, a new post on what we have been discussing, demonstrating and drilling

shirotoratiger.proboards.com/thread/2013/kali-kempo-range-ninpo-koppo


These topics:

KALI and KEMPO have sets and drills that are Sophisticated and Complex

NINPO Sword and KOPPO Taijutsu are simple and direct and done from a longer stance and range

HANBO fits in well with this range and has locking and TD

WING CHUN once the three main levels have been completed - BART CHARM DAO Swords relate direct to the system

KARATE as Unarmed Self Defence is the same in the way it develops it's Weapons as they evolved from the farm tools

ALL Martial Arts start with Weapons and this is most often the SWORD

so ALL Unarmed Combat came from the Weapons movements, concepts and techniques


--------------------- 



KALI and KEMPO have sets and drills that are Sophisticated and Complex



KALI progresses from Double Stick to Single stick, moving through the three ranges

Largo Long

Sombrada - Medio - Medium

Hubud - Corto - Close

then to Knife and finally Empty Hand Panantukan


KEMPO range is closer than Karate, longer than Wing Chun

incorporates Kick, Punch and Trapping ranges

higher, shorter stance, faster hand movements


FIVE SWORDS done with sticks, with Empty Hands - the first MK technique and a good example of this

the Single stick at close range includes trapping, locking and TDs


2, 4, 6 and 8 are basic drills, then they get chained into a longer sequence of 20 strikes

the same applies with a Kempo set with an extension - a longer sequence

Thundering Hammers:

Block, body shot, the two hammer blows
add the next two head strikes
add the TD bit with the strikes
the ground stamp sequence




NINPO Sword and KOPPO Taijutsu are simple and direct and done from a longer stance and range

Using the NINPO BIKEN of Togakure and the longer Katana of Kukishinden battles were fought in armour

There are not complex long techniques in any Sword school

So KOPPO schools use shorter sequences from the longer range



BIKEN

Against a Sword cut, block then cut, possibly a second cut - there is no need for a long series of strikes



KOPPO

- against a grab or grab and strike, or against a punch or kick, maybe two, five at the most in the longest sets, use Ken and Keri Kudaki, keeping long range

- respond with a strike or two, maybe a TD


HANBO fits in well with this range and has locking and TD

- against a punch, kick or grab

- block, strike, lock, td


-----------------------------


KARATE and WING CHUN


Developed as Civilian systems of Self Defence, including Unarmed Defence against weapons, multiple opponents, and the most difficult one of all

Unarmed Defence against Multiple Opponents with Weapons


The Weapons of these systems were added in later, as mentioned above, so we learn Karate and Wing Chun as Unarmed systems first, before adding the Weapons


For KEMPO we take the same approach and progression

Unarmed one on one
Multiple opponents
Weapon defences - Club, Knife, Gun
Double stick/club
Double Knife


This allows us to pair KEMPO with KALI as Kali starts with Weapons




NINPO which is the refinement of the NINJA Arts from the 9 schools

Taijutsu Unarmed

Mutodori Unarmed v Sword

Biken Sword v Sword


then we go from there


---------------------------

If it is made illegal to carry and use Weapons, the only people carrying and using them will be criminals

The Law Abiding Citizen who needs to defend himself and his family against these criminals needed a new strategy

From the Temples in China, to the farms in Okinawa, to the streets of modern England, and all the countries and time zones in between, we base our Unarmed Self Defence on WHAT WORKS, what has been handed down


We focus on WHAT WORKS



------------------------

ALL Martial Arts start with Weapons and this is most often the SWORD

Warriors put on armour and drew their swords and went into battle

It was this way the World over, the Knights in England, across Europe, Greece and Rome, Asia, Samurai in Japan

Other weapons concerned other ranges

Longer weapons, spears and halberds

Short swords, knives

BLADE weapons

The STICK weapons were at first incidental eg the BO being the broken spear


so ALL Unarmed Combat came from the Weapons movements, concepts and techniques


In peacetime Self Defence arts were developed

Unarmed systems were developed in civilian clothing eg the Kimono

the WAR arts were preserved and passed on during peacetime to the next generation who again used them in the next War

Civilian tools became Weapon extensions of the new Unarmed systems, as in Karate and Wing Chun



--------------------------------

This is seen is other Arts and Systems around the World


WING CHUN once the three main levels have been completed

Sil Lum Tao
Chum Kil
Bil Jee

with Mok Jong done in parallel

the BART CHARM DAO Swords relate direct to the system, and then cycle back in once this level is learned

Tan Sao with the hand becomes Tan Dao with the sword, etc


The Kwane comes after and uses WC principles at distance - and the blocking is still WC, and the strikes are to specific targets eg What we call Kasumi Uchi in Bojutsu



KARATE as Unarmed Self Defence is the same in the way it develops it's Weapons as they evolved from the farm tools

Bo, Tonfa, Nunchaku, Kama, Sai

The BO comes first

The Tonfa is obviously adapted from Karate blocking and striking